Jesus

The Liturgy of Holy Communion (Part 2) - The Proper Preface

The curious observer will wonder why the first part of the liturgy of Holy Communion is called the Preface but the second part is the Proper Preface.

What’s with the “Proper”? Did the first Preface need some training in manners?

Speaking Properly

A tree can be understood to have two very basic parts: 1) The trunk/limbs part and 2) the greenery/leaves part. Similarly, the historic liturgy can be seen as having two basic components, namely “Ordinary” and “Propers.”

The Ordinary parts are those that are the same in every Divine Service, such as the Kyrie, Gloria Patri, Creed, the Lord's Prayer, and the Nunc Dimittis.

The Proper Parts are those that, like leaves on a tree, change depending on the specific liturgical day or season. An easy way to remember the difference is that the Propers are appropriate or proper for the day. Going back to the tree illustration, leaves change color depending upon the season, so the Propers change depending upon the season.

The major parts of the Divine Service that are Propers are the Hymns, the Collect of the Day, the Scripture readings, the Sermon, and the Proper Preface.

The proper preface then is a part of the liturgy that changes depending upon the season or occasion.

Now that we have answered the question of what the Proper is, what is the Proper Preface about? Simply put, it is a prayer of thanksgiving to God our Father for all He has done for us in Christ Jesus.

Giving Thanks at all times

After being invited to give thanks to the Lord in the Preface, the pastor now does just that by now talking to God in a prayer of thanksgiving. The opening line is addressed to the Father and expresses what we have seen throughout Scripture: the duty of God’s people to thank the Lord. 

“It is truly good, right and our joy that we should at all times and in all places give thanks to You, holy Lord, almighty Father, everlasting God.”

In the words “it is truly good, right, and our joy” we express that what follows is always, no matter what we are facing, a good and salutary act - thanksgiving. We acknowledge that we should “at all times and in all places” joyfully and rightly give thanks to God our Father.

It is often easy to feel thankful when life is going good, when our health is strong, relationships are happy, and we experience success at work. It can be much more difficult to have this attitude of thanksgiving when we are in the valley of the shadow of death. Yet Philippians 4:4-7 encourages this very thing:

“Rejoice in the Lord always; again I will say, rejoice. Let your reasonableness be known to everyone. The Lord is at hand; do not be anxious about anything, but in everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known to God. And the peace of God, which surpasses all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus.”

In the Proper Preface we are acknowledging that regardless of what we are facing in life, that it is good and right to give thanks to God.

Why is it good and right for us to give thanks to God? The second portion of the prayer answer this question.

Jesus is the Reason

This prayer follows the pattern of thanksgiving in the psalms in the Old Testament. Thanksgiving in general was offered for the gifts of God’s creation (Ps 136:4-9), His provision in their lives (Ps 67:6-7), His wondrous deeds (Ps 75:1) and for His saving acts (Ps 35:18).  Like Israel thanked the Lord for delivering them from their enemies, so we now thank God for sending His Son to save us from sin and Satan.

For by water and the Holy Spirit you have made us a new people in Jesus Christ our Lord, to show forth your glory in all the world.

Here the Church is giving thanks for God’s gracious salvific work of gathering and making for Himself a new people in Christ Jesus!

Other seasonal Propers include the following:

Advent - “because in His coming the day of our deliverance has dawned; and through Him You will make all things new, as He comes in power and triumph to judge the world.

Lent - “who overcame the assaults of the devil and gave His life as a ransom for many that with cleansed hearts we might be prepared joyfully to celebrate the resurrection feast in sincerity and truth.”

Easter - “And most especially are we bound to praise You on this day for the glorious resurrection of Your Son, Jesus Christ, the very Paschal Lamb, who was sacrificed for us and bore the sins of the world. By His dying He has destroyed death, and by His rising again He has restored to us everlasting life.”

Joining the Choir of Heaven

Hubert van Eyck, “Adoration of the Lamb” (detail), Ghent Altarpiece, ca. 1429

The third and final section of the Proper Preface is the transition into the Sanctus (the topic of the next blog post). Here we shift to now joining our voices with the praise of those in heaven.

Therefore with angels and archangels and with all the company of heaven we laud and magnify Your glorious name, evermore praising You and saying:

This is a powerful moment where we are remind that our worship is not simply our worship only, but it is joining with the whole Church in heaven and earth. It is the moment we begin to see the the curtains drawn back on heaven and the people of God lifting our voices to mix and mingle with those of the angels, archangels, and victorious saints.

Hebrews 12:22-24 describes that through the blood of Christ, we now enter into the heavenly Jerusalem, with the angels and saints!

“But you have come to Mount Zion and to the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to innumerable angels in festal gathering, and to the assembly of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven, and to God, the judge of all, and to the spirits of the righteous made perfect, and to Jesus, the mediator of a new covenant, and to the sprinkled blood that speaks a better word than the blood of Abel.

St. John Chrysostom says that during Holy Communion the angels surround the pastor, and the whole sanctuary is filled with angels honoring Christ, present in the Eucharist. He adds that we, though lowly, have been deemed worthy to join the powers of Heaven in the worship of the Lord.

The liturgy is often described as the “thin place” where heaven and earth meet. It’s the mountain top where God’s people ascend and God descends to meet His people. This moment is ushering us to the summit of the Divine Service where God comes to humanity in the person and work of the incarnate, crucified, died, risen, and glorified Christ Jesus in the bread and wine.

The next blog installment will look more at this heavenly chorus of praise of the Santus.

The Two Comings of Christ - Cyril of Jerusalem

We preach not one advent only of Christ, but a second also, far more glorious than the former. For the former gave a view of His patience; but the latter brings with it the crown of a divine kingdom. For all things, for the most part, are twofold in our Lord Jesus Christ…. In His former advent, He was wrapped in swaddling clothes in the manger; in His second, He covers Himself with light as with a garment. In His first coming, He endured the Cross, despising shame (Hebrews 12:2); in His second, He comes attended by a host of Angels, receiving glory. We rest not then upon His first advent only, but look also for His second. And as at His first coming we said, Blessed is He that comes in the Name of the Lord , so will we repeat the same at His second coming; that when with Angels we meet our Master, we may worship Him and say, Blessed is He that comes in the Name of the Lord. The Savior comes, not to be judged again, but to judge them who judged Him; He who before held His peace when judged , shall remind the transgressors who did those daring deeds at the Cross, and shall say, These things have you done, and I kept silence. Then, He came because of a divine dispensation, teaching men with persuasion; but this time they will of necessity have Him for their King, even though they wish it not.

Cyril of Jerusalem, Catechetical Lecture 15

Sanctity of Human Life


- Sanctity of Human Life -


On January 22, 1984, President Ronald Reagan issued a presidential proclamation designating January 22nd as National Sanctity of Human Life Day. On this weekend, churches and life organizations across the United States seek to bring awareness and support to the most vulnerable humans - the unborn. As Christians we believe every human being is created in the image of God and worthy of respect, dignity, and the freedom to life. Next Sunday (23rd) we will take time to observe this day. 

So what is the current situation of abortions in the Unites States?  We give praise for the passage of the recent Heart Beat Law in Texas (here is an article I wrote reflecting on its significance) and that the rates across the United States are at historic lows! Praise God! And yet sadly there were still over 600,000 abortion in the United States this last year. Our response to this high death toll among the most vulnerable should be one of  1) prayer, 2) advocacy and education, 3) supporting the young mothers and fathers by any means possible, 4) serving in the foster care system, 5) adopting and supporting families who adopt, and 6) sharing the good news of God's grace and forgiveness over all sins. 

One of the major ways we can be people of life is by supporting local pregnancy advocacy organizations who daily reach women and families with messages of hope, life, and healing. Here is a list of such organization here in San Antonio:

Pregnancy Advocacy Organizations in San Antonio


You may not be called to volunteer in these organizations on a regularly basis but still desire to help be part of the movement, January and February are wonderful months to do just that. Below are 8 ways you can get involved this month in the cause of supporting mothers, fathers, and the unborn.

Ways to Get Involved:

  1. Join the march for life in downtown San Antonio or in Austin on January 21st at 1pm - https://www.texasrallyforlife.org/

  2. Sign-up to pray in front of Planned Parenthood during the 40 Days of Life (March 2 - April 10) - https://www.40daysforlife.com/en/sanantonio

  3. Assemble Bags that are handed out to women considering abortions with information to help them make an informed decision (Every-other Monday at 12:15pm and every-other Thursday at 1pm) - https://sacfl.org/about-us/volunteers-action

  4. Become a Sidewalk Advocate - https://sacfl.org/sidewalk-intern-program

  5. Volunteer at one of the above clinics

  6. Volunteer and support the Foster Care system (see below)

  7. Support adoption with your time and resources either by prayerfully considering adopting, supporting families that adopt, or directly supporting adoption organizations.

  8. Volunteer at Boysville - https://boysvilletexas.org/volunteer/


Foster Care and Adoption
Throughout history Christians have sought to follow Christ's command to care for the least by being on the front lines of caring for the sick by opening hospitals, caring for the elderly by opening care homes, and caring for the orphaned by opening orphanages and adopting. It is an uncontested fact of history that each of these three have been spearheaded and run by Christians from the first century onward. Even in our own time, consider that while there are 11 Planned Parenthood clinics that provide abortions in the State of Texas, there are almost 200 life advocacy organizations which seek to support mothers and fathers by providing support and encouragement as they bring their child into the world. Praise God! If the parents are unable or unwilling to care for their child, all of these will help with connecting them to organization and families that are waiting to adopt.

Adoption and foster care are two other significant means by which Christians can support the most vulnerable. We believe it is a beautiful calling to participate as a foster family and/or adopt a child who would otherwise be left in the foster system. Let me ask you, have you ever prayerfully considered serving as a foster family or adopting? If not, I encourage you to take some time to consider if God may be calling you to become a family for a child currently without one.

Currently in the US there are over 400,000 children in the foster care system and roughly 1/4th of those are awaiting a family to adopt them.

Here are some wonderful local organizations engaged in this work:

Local Foster Care & Adoption Organizations:

In all this we seek to extend the grace and forgiveness Christ offers to the broken, ashamed, and grieving. There is no sin too great that it cannot be cleansed by the blood of Christ Jesus. No sin too great. We do not gather to cast stones, for our Lord said "let him who is guiltless cast the first stone" and all walked away. Christ, the only one who is sinless and who has the only right to cast a stone, doesn't. Rather, he offers grace and forgiveness to all who come to him. Perhaps you have felt guilt and shame for your part in an abortion. Hear this good news - Christ does not condemn you but wants to embrace you and shower his love and forgiveness on you!

The peace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all!

Pastor Matthew